Apparatus for sweating crude paraffin-wax or like mixtures of substances which melt at different temperatures.



1]. PIJZEL. APPARATUS EOE SWEATING CRUDE PARAFFIN WAX 0R LIKE MIXTURESOF SUBSTANCES WHIGH MELT AT DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES.

EPPLIOATION FILED JUNE 27, 1911.

Patented Aug. 19, 1913.

anz j izel apparatus for sweating crude piiraifin-wiix a larger scale,showing details of construe- 'end of the oven; and Fig. 6 is '1.

'hnust steam.

sweating oven. (5, in order to again enter the mllliillrlmll i I .es..JLRLALLQQ DANIEL PIJZEL, 0.? BALIK PAPAII, 36333313 8, DUTCH EASE.INDLEA.

SUBSTANCES WHICH KiflIEL'l DIFFERENT TEliflPERAT'UltES.

i ,iWiljFStl.

Specification of Letters iatent.

Appliczition filed June 27, 1511. {Serial Ito. $555,632..

.7 will whom it may concern.

lie it known that l, DANIEL PIJ'ZEL, chemical engineer residing atBslilr Pepe-.11, Borneo, in Dutch East Iz1dia,-Kingdon1 oi"? theNetherlands, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inApimroius for Sweating Crude Parzifliir ivan or Like Mixtures ofSubstances which Melt at Different Tllemperatures, of whichtheifollowing is e. specification.

T he object of my present invention is an or like mixtures of substanceswhich melt at difierent temperatures.

Annpparatus serving for carrying out this-continuous sweating process isshown in the accompanying drawings in which Figure l is a longitudinalse tion of the sweating stove. Fig. 2 is e t. .nsverse sec-- tion'through the delivery end of the oven, looking toward the left in Fig. i,and showing the a'ir heeting chamber urrang ed over the tunnel; Fig. 31s a transverse section on tion Fig. i is a detail and longitudinalelevation and on e plane at rightongles to that of Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is eplain of the delivery similar plain of the entrance end of the oven.

The oven consists of 21 long pessege a provided with rails on which thesweating vessels placed on trucks or cars Z are run into the oven. Thepassage is closed at both ends by an air lock 0 end (i respectively,each of which is'lzirge cnoughio taihe one sweet ingtruck. The bottom ofthe passage is niade SlOPilij, whereby the moving fori-verd of thetrucks is facilitated and the sweating trucks have such a. position thatthe product swezitedout can immediately run oi'l. Over the oven there isan air g which connects with an air heating device arranged at thelowest end of the oven. This heating device consists of a. chamber 2 inwhich are arranged corrugated pipes j heated by ex- In the chamber thereis also efan e which draws the air out of the air passage 9 and forcesit toward the heating device, whence it flows heated into the airpassage'g. The air-passage is connected diiierent kinds of material andto co'llek't at suitable pieces with the oven o by eper tures which maybe closed by dampers slides 72 79, n .iil the dampers ii if, it areopened, e portion of the oven air iiows ti'irei'igh the damper aperturesto the ten. whereby the quantity of air flowing through the upper coldend of the'pessege is diminisli'ed. this way 2i. slower heating may beobtained at the commencement of the sweating process.

The air lock (Z provided at the lower worm end of the passage a isprovided. with steam hosting pipes and a. direct boiler steiun pipe, in.order "to enable the final product (35 oi the sweating process to befully melted out therein. At. the side of the l mSsllgQ there isprovided near the rails 21 gutter Z2, 5), which is divided by partitions1 13 into compartments equal to the length of n sweating truck. Each ofthese compartments has n discl'iiirge pipe Z to the outside. so that thesweating products running oli. the truck may be carried oii from eachtrnclr separately. necessary two or more drain 7- gutters is may also heprovided.

The construction of the truck int he seen in lilgs. 2, 3 and 4. ihesweating: frames placed thereon are of very simple nature, all. cocks,valves and pipes for supflying and carrying oil 01 steam, water andjQfilzliillkYxllfi are dispensed with. The car or' truck consists of anunder ironic n with 2: number of, for instance six, columns or inrights, hull oi" which 2.; are arr-ringed oil-one side and the otherhull u on the other side oil" the our (see Fig. 3). (in the uprights'fleight pieces oi ii -iron s are riveted one ah? x the other for receivingthe sweating trays. while the uprights u carry,corresponding angle irons7" which are arranged somewhiii lower in order to give the sweatinglira, an inclined position. A discharge pipe in with a. revoluhle outletnozzle m is fixed on one upright es of the oer or truck, by men '4 ofwhich nozzle the molten products iii Ting: from the pipe w suitablydistriouied into the gutters is, vvherehy it is possible to sweat out inthe some oven siinultaz'ieously them separately.

The trsvs have :1 bottom 0 made of corrugated galvanized iron, to whicha wire gauze bottom 7? is attached. The trays have only three sidesconsisting of angle iron, which are riveted or screwed to the corrugatedplate and hold the gauze on three sides, while the fourth side of thegauze bottom is directly connected by rivets or screw bolts and nutswith the corrugated plate. This side of the tray is pushed into theU-irons s of the truck and forms in this way the uppermost part of theinclined tray, see Fig. 3; on the opposite side of the tray a draingutter o is arranged, the lateral outlet pipe 02' of which is broughtover a catch cup y of the pipe to.

The way in which the improved process is carried out and the crudeparaffin-wax introduced into the trays is as follows: The crudeparaifin-wax is poured into ordinary cooling tr ys or cooling ponds andwhen it has setis out into blocks (cakes). These paraffin-wax blocks arethen placed on the gauze bottom of the trays and pushed into the' truckframe. When the truck is filled with the material, it is run into theair lock 0 and from this into the oven passage 0. Here the truck entersthe coldest end of the oven v and gradually travels to the lower andwarmest end of the oven, while the hot air tlows against the truck inthe opposite direction. In this way a partial melting out of theparaffin-wax takes place, and at the uppermost and less heated part ofthe oven the oils and paraffin-wax of low melting point and at thelowest and warmest part of the oven the paraflin-wax of higher meltingpoint is sweated out. The trucks must be run into the inclined passagein such a way that they stand at an inclination to the end where thecollecting pipe is located. Consequently the drain gutters 1) whichserve for receiving the products dropping through the gauze bottom ontothe inclined corrugated plate and running off the latter have the sameinclination, so that these products pass immediately through the outletpipe as into the catch cups 1/ of the co]- lecting pipe to. Now as theoutlet nozzle m arranged at the lower part of the pipe to is ad ustedover one oi the gutters lit, the

molten substances flow directly out of the pipe to into one of these,e'wters 7c, whence they are carried oil h a pipe Z.

"W hen a truck has sed through the oven passage it comes into theair-lock (Z where the final product oi the parai'fin-wax is melted outby means of fresh steam. The

outer door of the. air lock d is then opened,

the truck run out and the door again closed. A sliding door locatedbetween the air lock (7 and the oven a is then opened by being drawn upand the truck which stands next to the air lock (Z runs into the latter,whereupon all the trucks contained in the oven passage a can advance onetruck length. The sliding door between the air lock 0 and the oven a isopened by lifting and thetrucl; contained in the air lock run into theoven. When the sliding door is again closed the outer door of the airlock 0 is opened and a fresh truck run into it.

The air locks c and (Z are only in communication with the external airfor a short time during the opening of the outer doors, while the trucksare run in and out. The

loss of heat by radiation is therefore very small. The actual sweatingstove a on the other hand is never in counrmnication with the outer airas one of the two doors of each air lock is always closed. The tan 0draws the air from the air-duct 9 and forces it through the heating bodyf into the ovenpassage (4. Here the hot air flows past the trucks Z) andcauses the paraffin-wax cakes located thereon to sweat out. lVhen theair has passed through the passage (2 itrises into the air passage 5 inorder to be afresh drawn up by the fan. The air is thus in continuouscirculation.

In the accompanying drawings on apparatus is shown, the oven of which isdesigned to receive sixteen trucks. Each truck is loaded with 3.2 to 3.5tons of crude paraffin-wax. The apparatus can therefore, when the truckspass through the oven once every 24 hours, treat 50 tons of crudeparaffin-wax per day. Every 11- hours a sweatcd out truck must thereforebe run out and a fresh charged truck run in. By diminishing the numberof the trucks or by employing smaller trucks the oven may also bearranged for a smaller production. In consequence of the great speed atwhich the hot air is blown through the tunnel, the temperature isprevented from difi'ering in the upper and lower parts of the samesection of the tunnel, whereby the sharpness of the fractionalseparation is insured.

By varying the temperature and the speed of the air the increase oftemperature may be so selected from one truck to another, that thesweating process takes place under as favorable conditions possible.Only be- .cause in this process all the trucks may be filled at asuitable place outside the oven with the parafiin which is to be sweatedout, it is possible without complicated conveying mechanisms to allow itto set in scparaic cooling trays or on a cooling basin in- :aoroyaocooling ponds filled with water is in every respect more convenient andcheaper than pour-in" it directly into the melting); trays, especialy asan cllicient system of water cooling can be much more easily arranged inthe first case. i l I This improved process has'all the advantages of a.continuous circulatory process, without having thedisadvantage ofintermittent operation, as will be explained in the :tollo 'ing: Theprincipal advantage of the improved process consists in its greatercapacity of production. This is based on the circumstance, that theentire plant with the exception of at the most two trucks, which are inthe air locks, or being loaded is constantly subjected to the sweatingprocess. The sweating surface in this process therefore only requires tobe about one half or one third large as in the intermittently workingplant in order to give the same yield. Further in consequence of the useof the counter current principle in this improved process, the heat isvery favorably utilized and any loss of heat is-restricted to thesmallest amount by the use of the air locks. The rapid l'low o-t aircaused b the tan through the sweating tunnel also diminishes theditt'crences of temperature between the upper and lower parts of thesweating frame, so that the sweating out takes place with uniformrapidity in all the trays. The speed of the sweating out may also beadjusted with certainty by adjusting the fan and the air dampers 7L], A[1. Finally as the sweated products are always run oil im mediatcly,.thefractional separation is sub stantially sharpened. The construction ofthe trays and trucks also offers many advantages. The corrugated plategives the gauze a good and cheap support, so that depressions in thesame and accumulations of oil produced thereby are avoided. The gauzebottoms may also be repaired and cleaned without much trouble and lossof time. These advantages are afforded even it the trucks be employed inthe old intermittently working ovens, but the combined use of theconstai'itly acting tunnel and the improved trucks is preferable, evenfor small installations, as only in this way can all defects of thepresent system be removed.

Claims. 1. An oven for sweating paratlin, comprising a longtunnel-like"chamber, a track on the bottom thereof, a heating device atthe rear end otsaid chamber, a tlue leading from the heating device tothe open rear end of said chamber, a return flue connected to the frontend of the chamber and leading baclc to said heating device, and meansfor forcing air over said heating device.

2. An oven for sweating paralhn, comprising a long tnnnel-likechamber, atrack on the bottom thereof, a heating device at the rear end of saidchamber, a flue leading from the heating device to the open rear end of.said chamber, a return line connected to the front end of the chamberand leading back to said heating device, and means for forcing air oversaid heating device, the root of said chamber having valved aperturesconnecting the char. .ber and. return line. 3. An oven for sweatingparatiin, comprising a long tunnel-like chamber, a track on the bottomthereof, a heating device at the rear end of said chamber, a flueleading from the heating device to the open rear end. of said chamber, areturn flue connected to the front end of the chamber and leadin back tosaid heating device, means for forcing air over said heating device, anentrance chamber at the front end of the tunnel chamber having a door ateachend, and a like exitchamber at the rear end, said exit chamberhaving a heating device therein.

, t. An even for sweating paraihn compria ing a long tunnel-likechamber, a track for tray-carriers on the bottom thereof, guttersalongside oi. said tracks, each of the same length as said.traycarriers, and delivery pipes, leading to the outside of the oven.

5. An apparatus for sweating paratfin and the like, comprising anormally 0 osbd sweating chamber, a duct above the top of said chamber,openings at each end of the duct establishing communication between saidchamber and duct, independently ciosable openings in the top of saidchamber intermediate the end openings and communicating with said duct,a heating chamber at one end of said duct, heating means therein, andmeans to produce a continuous circulation of air through said sweatingchamber, duct and heating chamber.

6. An apparatus t'or sweating paratlin and the like, comprising anormally closed sweating chamber, an entrance air lock at one end ofsaid chamber, an exit air lock at the other end of said chamber, meansto advance a para'liin carrier through said entrance air lock, sweatingchamber, and exit air lock, means to gradually raise the temperature.of, the paraiiin carrier as it passes through the. sweating chamber,means to separately re move the products sweat-ed out at differenttemperatures in the sweating chamber, means to heat the carrier in'theexit air lock, and means to reuiove the carrier from the exit air lock.i

'1 An apparatus for sweating paraffin and the like comprising a sweatingchamber, 25in entrance air lock, an exit air lock, means to admit aparatlin carrier to said chamber through said air lock, means to advancesaid carrier through said chamber, means :to cause a circulation of airthrough said chamber in a direction opposite to that in which thecarrier is advanced, mvans to heat said circulating air, means tonminlnin :1 higher temperature at tlui exit nii' lm'k 011d ihan at theentrance nil lock (mi of the mwating' ('hzunbcr, and HH'UZIH toseparately mllm't and rcnmvc prudm-ts s\\'0:1t0(1 out at (lifl'm unipoint-s in said swvnting chamber.

In testimony whereof T affix my signature In presence of two Witnesses.

DANIEL IIJZEL.

Witnesses:

(i. \V. Axmmcsns, I. O. KNAmwr.

